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Showing all 66 entries
Cases
9- Reported caseA court decision with a medium neutral citation, a published report, or both.
- Older reported case (no neutral citation)A case reported before neutral citations began in 2001.
- Unreported caseA judgment with no neutral citation and no report.
- Case reported in a newspaperA case whose only report is a heavily edited newspaper note.
- Pre-1865 case (nominate reports)A judgment from before 1865, reported in the nominate reports and usually reprinted in the English Reports.
- Yearbook or manuscript caseA case from the yearbook period, or one found in a manuscript or legal-history sourcebook.
- Scottish caseA decision of the Scottish courts.
- Northern Ireland caseA decision of the Northern Ireland courts.
- Case from another jurisdictionA decision of a court outside the United Kingdom.
Legislation
14- Act of ParliamentA UK public general Act.
- Older statuteAn older Act best identified by its regnal year and chapter.
- Explanatory notes to a statuteThe published explanatory notes accompanying an Act.
- Bill (UK Parliament)A Bill before the UK Parliament.
- Welsh Act or MeasureAn Act of Senedd Cymru, an Act of the former Assembly, or a pre-2011 Measure.
- Bill (Welsh Parliament)A Bill before Senedd Cymru.
- Act of the Scottish ParliamentAn Act of the Scottish Parliament.
- Bill (Scottish Parliament)A Bill before the Scottish Parliament.
- Northern Ireland ActAn Act of the Northern Ireland Assembly or the former Parliament of Northern Ireland.
- Bill (Northern Ireland Assembly)A Bill before the Northern Ireland Assembly.
- Assimilated EU legislationDirect EU legislation assimilated into UK law after withdrawal.
- Statutory instrumentAn order, regulations or rules made under an Act.
- Rules of court and Practice DirectionsThe CPR family and their Practice Directions.
- Legislation from another jurisdictionLegislation of a jurisdiction outside the UK, in a form of its own.
Secondary sources
11- BookAn authored book — anything with an ISBN cites as one.
- Edited or translated bookA book with an editor or translator rather than an author.
- Chapter in an edited bookA contribution to an edited collection.
- Book of authorityOne of the old books of authority, or a Scottish institutional work.
- EncyclopediaAn encyclopedia, in print or online.
- Dictionary entryAn entry in a hardcopy legal dictionary.
- Journal articleAn article in a law journal.
- Case noteA short journal piece commenting on a single case.
- Book reviewA review of a book in a journal.
- Working paperA working paper on SSRN or an institutional site.
- ThesisA doctoral or masters thesis.
Internet and media
10- Website or blog postA contribution on a website or blog.
- Social media postA post on X, Instagram, Facebook or another platform.
- Online videoVideo content on a website.
- PodcastA podcast episode.
- Lecture or speechA lecture or speech, published or not.
- Conference paperA paper delivered at a conference.
- InterviewAn interview conducted for your research.
- Newspaper or magazine articleAn article in a newspaper or magazine.
- Email or letterA personal communication.
- Generative AI outputOutput generated by an AI system — new in the 5th edition.
Official publications
5- HansardA parliamentary debate.
- Select committee reportA report of a select or joint committee.
- Command paperA paper presented to Parliament by command — White Papers included.
- Government publicationAny other government document.
- Law Commission report or paperA report or paper of one of the Law Commissions.
International
17- TreatyA treaty or international convention.
- Treaty reservation or declarationA State’s reservation or declaration on the UN Treaty Collection.
- WTO or GATT documentAn official WTO or GATT document (not a dispute decision).
- UN resolution or documentA UN resolution, report or other document.
- UN yearbook or official recordsMaterial in a UN yearbook, official records, or an international law digest.
- UN treaty body decisionViews or a decision of a UN treaty body on an individual communication.
- ICJ, PCIJ or ITLOS decisionA decision of the World Court or the Law of the Sea tribunal.
- International criminal court or tribunal decisionA decision of the ICC or an international(ised) criminal tribunal.
- WTO or GATT dispute decisionA panel report, Appellate Body report or arbitration decision.
- Arbitral or tribunal decisionAn award of an arbitral or administrative tribunal.
- Rules or statute of an international courtA basic document of an international court or tribunal.
- EU legislationAn EU regulation, directive, decision or treaty.
- CJEU or General Court decisionA decision of the EU courts.
- European Commission competition decisionA Commission decision on competition or a merger.
- European Court of Human Rights decisionA decision of the Strasbourg court, or of the former Commission.
- Regional court or tribunal decisionA decision of a regional court outside Europe.
- International or regional body documentA document of an international or regional organisation.